Europe is in the grip of an unprecedented heatwave, with temperatures rising to 41–43°C across Poland, Slovakia, Germany, Serbia and Romania. Several countries have broken all‑time records — Slovakia recorded 40.5°C, surpassing its previous high of 40.3°C set in 2007. The heat has moved eastward toward the Balkans and Ukraine, with Belgrade touching 38°C and Bucharest reaching 37°C. The WHO has confirmed over 1,000 heat‑related deaths since 21 June, including children trapped in cars and young people drowning while seeking relief in unsafe water bodies.
The extreme temperatures have sparked debate in India, where summer highs often cross 45–48°C, leading many to question why Europe appears to suffer more at lower temperatures. Experts say the difference lies in geography, housing design, and weather patterns.
Europe’s climate is naturally cooler, with average summer temperatures between 20–28°C. A sudden spike to 43°C is physiologically shocking for populations not acclimatised to extreme heat. Housing infrastructure worsens the impact — European homes are built to retain heat, with thick insulation, sealed windows and low ventilation designed for cold winters. During heatwaves, these homes trap hot air, making indoor temperatures dangerously high.
Humidity levels during Europe’s heatwaves are also significantly higher, reducing the body’s ability to cool through sweating. Night‑time temperatures remain unusually warm, often above 30°C, preventing recovery from daytime heat. In contrast, many Indian regions experience lower night‑time temperatures even after extreme daytime highs.
Cooling infrastructure is another major factor. Air‑conditioning penetration in Europe remains below 20% in several countries, leaving homes, public buildings and transport systems ill‑equipped to handle extreme heat. India, despite challenges, has far wider access to cooling systems and established heat‑response mechanisms.
With temperatures showing no sign of easing, European governments have issued emergency advisories, opened cooling centres and urged residents to avoid outdoor activity.