Watching From the Sidelines: What the Mecca Defence Pact Means for India’s Calculus in West Asia
India’s official response to the Mecca Joint Defence Agreement was, characteristically, four words long: “closely following the development.” Ministry of External Affairs spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal offered little more when pressed on Friday, saying New Delhi would “keep you updated.” It was the same measured register India used almost a year earlier, in September 2025, when […]










