A new geological study from Chinese researchers has raised serious safety concerns over Beijing’s massive hydropower project on the Brahmaputra River in Tibet, identifying an active fault line directly beneath the planned mega dam. The findings contradict China’s repeated assurances that the multi‑billion‑dollar project meets the highest safety standards and poses no risk to downstream regions, including India.
The study warns that the fault could threaten the structural stability of the dam and associated infrastructure, especially given the region’s history of seismic activity. The hydropower station, located on the Yarlung Tsangpo near the sharp bend before the river enters Arunachal Pradesh, sits in one of Asia’s most geologically sensitive zones.
Researchers highlighted that the Paizhen region, part of the reservoir area, lies within a zone prone to earthquakes. A magnitude‑6.9 quake struck nearby Milin in 2017, underscoring the persistent seismic risk. According to the study, earthquakes in the area could trigger landslides, slope collapses, and cascading failures that may endanger workers, infrastructure, and downstream populations.
Satellite and field assessments indicate that vulnerable slopes around the project require reinforcement, with experts recommending retaining structures and additional stabilisation measures to reduce the risk of catastrophic failure. The report emphasises that long‑term safety cannot be guaranteed without significant engineering upgrades.
These findings sharply contrast with Beijing’s official position. Chinese authorities have consistently claimed the project will reduce disaster risks, improve regional water management, and adhere to strict industry standards. However, the new geological evidence has intensified scrutiny, especially in India, where concerns over potential flooding, ecological disruption, and transboundary river control have long been raised.
The study adds fresh pressure on China to address safety questions surrounding one of its most ambitious hydropower ventures, as regional observers warn that ignoring seismic realities could have far‑reaching consequences.